There are different types of columns used in structures. In this article, I will discuss, the difference between the short column and long column.

What is Short Column?

When the ratio of the effective length of a column to its least lateral dimension does not exceed 12, it is called a short column.

What is a long column?

When the ratio of the effective length of a column to its least lateral dimension exceeds 12, it is called a long column.

Difference Between Short Column And Long Column:

Short ColumnLong Column
1. The ratio of the effective length to its least lateral dimension is less than 12.1. The ratio of the effective length to its least lateral dimension is greater than 12.
2. The slenderness of the short column is less than 45.2. The slenderness of the long column is greater than 45.
3. Less radius of gyration.3. The greater radius of gyration.
4. The load-carrying capacity of the short column is greater than the long column.4. The load-carrying capacity is less compared to a short column of the same cross-sectional area.
5. Stronger than a long column and highly preferrable.5. Weaker than short column and generally not preferred.
6. The short column is subjected to compressive stress.6. Long column is subjected to buckling stress.
7. Mechanical failure mainly occurs due to shearing.7. Long columns are liable to fail due to buckling.

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