Introduction to the total station

The main instrument for surveyors on site today is the “total station”. The total station is a combination of an electronic theodolite, an electronic distance measuring device (EDM) and a microprocessor with a memory unit. This combination makes it possible to determine the coordinates of a reflector aligning the instruments crosshairs on the reflector and simultaneously measuring the vertical and horizontal angles and slope distances. A microprocessor in the instrument takes care of recording, readings and the necessary computation.

Advantages of the total station

1- Quick setting of the instrument on the tripod using laser plummet.

2- Onboarding area computation program to compute the area of the field.

3- Local language support.

4- Full GIS creation (using MapInfo software).

5- Automation of old maps.

6- Greater accuracy in area computation.

7- Graphical view of plots and land for quick

8- Integration of database.

9- Area computation at any user required scale.

10- The field jobs are finished and the map of the area with dimensions is ready after data transfer

11- It reduces the time & also measures up to 3 to 5 km distance.

Disadvantages of the total station

1- It may be difficult for the surveyor to look over and check the work while surveying.

2- The instrument is costly. As well as conducting surveys using, skilled personnel are required.

3- for an overall check of the survey, it will be necessary to return to the office and prepare the drawings using appropriate software.

Precaution to be taken while using a total station

1- Use both hands to hold the total station handle.

2- Set up the tripod as stable as possible.

3- Do not move or carry a tripod with the total station fixed on it, except for centring.

4- Store the battery pack with the battery discharged.

5- Do not overtighten any of the clamp screws.

6- Take maximum care when the tribrach is removed from the total station.