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Comprehensive Guide And Details About Ramp Slopes Design

Ramps

Ramps are inclined surfaces that join different levels of a space. Commonly used at the entrances of buildings to accommodate level changes, ramps provide building access to wheelchair users. The maximum slope of a ramp is calculated to provide comfortable and easy access to the building.

Details

Height: 30” | 76.2 cm (Max)
Length: 30′-40′ | 9.14-12.19 m (Max)

Maximum Slope: 1:12
Minimum Slope: >1:20
Maximum Rise: 30” | 76.2 cm
Maximum Horizontal Run (1:12-1:16): 30’ | 9.14 m
Maximum Horizontal Run (1:16-1:20): 40’ | 12.19 m

Ramp Slopes

A ramp is comprised of horizontal sloped runs connected by level landings between runs. Any slope greater than 1:20 and less than 1:12 along an accessible route shall be considered a ramp that is required to comply with ADA accessibility codes and compliances. The least possible slope should be used whenever possible.

The maximum allowable slope in any new construction is 1:12 with a maximum rise of 30” (76.2 cm) without a landing. A ramp with a slope between 1:12 and 1:16 can have a maximum horizontal length of 30’ (9.14 m) without a landing. A ramp with a slope between 1:16 and 1:20 can have a horizontal run up to 40’ (12.19 m) before requiring a landing.
Ramp Widths

ADA-accessible ramps must maintain a minimum clear width of 36” (91.4 cm) at all times. The cross slope along the width of any ramp must be less than 1:50 or <2%. The 36” (91.4 cm) clear width must be maintained between all including handrails.

Ramp Slopes Common Questions
What is the maximum allowable slope for an ADA-accessible ramp?
The maximum allowable slope in any new construction is 1:12 with a maximum rise of 30” (76.2 cm) and a maximum horizontal run without a landing of 30’ (9.14 m).
How far can a ramp go without a landing?
A ramp with a slope between 1:12 and 1:16 can have a maximum horizontal length of 30’ (9.14 m) without a landing. A ramp with a slope between 1:16 and 1:20 can have a horizontal run up to 40’ (12.19 m) before requiring a landing.
What is the minimum slope of a ramp?
Any slope greater than 1:20 and less than 1:12 along an accessible route shall be considered a ramp that is required to comply with ADA accessibility compliances.
Ramps Questions
Why are ramps preferred over stairs by elderly people?
Elderly people may prefer ramps over stairs due to physical limitations such as decreased mobility, balance, and strength, which can make climbing stairs difficult and increase the risk of falls. Ramps provide a gentler slope, allowing for a gradual increase in elevation, which can be easier and safer for older individuals to navigate. Additionally, ramps can accommodate mobility aids such as walkers and wheelchairs, providing greater accessibility.
When were ramps first invented?
The exact date and inventor of ramps is unknown, as the concept of a sloping surface for ease of movement has likely been utilized by various civilizations throughout history. However, the earliest recorded use of ramps dates back to ancient Egypt, where ramps were used in the construction of pyramids.
Are ramps always required?
Ramps are not always required by law, but the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) mandates that ramps be installed in certain circumstances to ensure accessibility for individuals with disabilities. The specific requirements for ramps depend on the type of building, the height of the elevation change, and the intended use of the space. In some instances, exceptions can be made if it is not technically feasible to install a ramp, but alternative measures must be taken to ensure accessibility.

Click Here To See Design Principles And Criteria For Ramps | A Comprehensive Architectural Guide To The Basics Of Ramp Design

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